Gun type burner



May 3, 1949. s o 2,469,136

GUN TYPE BURNER v 3 Shee'rls-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 18, 1944 JoH/v- 7757mmMay 3, 1949.

Filed NOV. 18, 1944:

J. T. STONE GUN TYPE BURNER 5 ShetsSheet 2 JOHN T 5 7021/ W/ZF Qwuamio'bMay 3, 1949.

Filed Nov. 18, ,1944' J. T. STONE GUN TYPE BURNER 3 Sheets-Sheet s 2 13/ 2 "5,3435. I9 -4 A 2 i 7) 3 12 Toy/v7. 5 TO/VE.

Patented May 3, 1949 UNITED STATES FATENT OFFICE GUN TYPE BURNER John T.Stone, Baltimore, Md. Application November 18, 1944, Serial No. 564,150

3 Claims.

This invention refers to liquid fuel burners and more particularly tothose of the gun type not requiring a blower or other mechanical deviceto propel the incoming air through the burner proper. It has among itsobjects to provide a burner having an adjustable gun and efficientarrangement for adjustably intermixing incoming air in a primary andsecondary manner with the fuel as it burns therein.

A further object is to have the structure involved, relatively simple inform and economical to manufacture.

Other objects will become apparent as the invention is more fully setforth.

This invention provides a construction that 10- cates a guiding plateabove the liquid fuel pan to direct the incoming air to the burning fuelthrough a tapering funnel and heating chamber to an adjustable swivelgun supplied with secondary air intermittently mixed therein and heatedfrom the walls of the chamber.

In the drawings which illustrate an embodiment of this invention:

Figure l is a plan view of gun type burner illustrating an embodiment ofthis invention,

Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a front elevation of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1,

Figure 5 is a sectional view 55 of Figure 4, and

Figure 6' is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Figure 4.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout thedrawings.

In the device illustrated, l is a casing in which the burner 2 ispositioned and is of customary conventional form. The casing supportsthe burner and is formed to allow air connections at its exterior, to beprovided so the burner will be properly supplied for combustion. Theburner body 2 is formed with a dished portion or circular liquid fuelpan 3 to which oil 4 is conducted to the bottom through a pipe 5. Theinside surface of the fuel pan is curved on a general circular aredepressed downwardly to allow oil fuel to be held therein as indicated.The entrance portion 5 of the burner is of bell-like form having adownwardly closing hinged door I in front, adjustably arranged with asuitable control mechanism 8. A curved'air pilot passage 9 leading fromthe exterior of the burner conducts air to the rim III of the fuel pan.A curved cap section H above the rim serves to direct this infiowing airacross the face of the fuel in the pan.

taken along line central vertical axis of the pan is displate 12suspended from It faces the fuel below to guide the air down Above theposed a curved guide the top of the burner. convexedly in a manner intothe pan and towards the gun tube l3 on the opposite side. The gun tubehas cylindrical and concentric inner wall 15 and outer wall 15' and isperforated peripherally with angular oriflees 14 along its inside Walll5 which separates an air jacket Hi from the inside passage I! throughwhich the burning fuel flows to the mouth It of the gun tube. The guntube has its inner end portion l9 formed in a ball-joint manner so itcan be moved to various positions angularly with respect to the normalhorizontal axis of the gun body. It also forms a heating chamber for thesecondary air. This ball-joint portion 19 fits over a corresponding ballsleeve 20 to enable the gun tube to be swivelled around. The member 19has an air jacket 2! connected with that in the gun tube proper and issupplied with air from openings 22 leading from a peripheral air jacket23 in the ball sleeve 20-. A ring-like air feeding chamber 25 within aring tube 25' is attached to the inner end portion of the gun tube unit.A "tapering passage 25 leads through it and registers with the passage Hwhich is about the same diameter throughout as the smallest diameter ofthe passage 26. The wall of the passage 2.6 leads to the vicinity of theplate l2 so as to convey the combustible mixture therefrom to the tubepassage H. The air is supplied to the sec-- ondary air supply ringchamber 24 through ducts 21 leading from the exterior of the casing I.They are supplied with controls 28 that measure the amount of air to themixture passing in the gun passage ll. After the flames leave the guntube they pass into the furnace Within the casing I and perform theheating function for which it is provided.

The action of the combustion within the burner is as follows, first thepilot formed where the passage 9 and rim l0 meet is lit by igniting asmall amount of oil in the fuel pan, the narrow passage 9 supplyingsufficient air for the purpose of keeping the pilot burning at a lowpoint. More fuel is let in through the pipe 5 and raises the level ofthe oil in the pan 3 and thereby increases the combustion that takesplace. The primary air flow is then increased through the entranceportion 6 and passes by the deflector 29 and cap section H under theconvexed plate l2 over the burning fuel to the tapered orifice 26 whereit heats the walls of the ball joint and the air within the air jacketssurrounding it, as it comes in through the ducts 21. The heated airmixes with the gases coming through the pressure passage I! as it isdrawn through the orifices 14 at an angle and combines with the portionsof the gases that are unburned. The resulting combustion is complete andpasses into the furnace to the chimney or other outlet therefrom. Themovement of the gun tube can be made without interfering with thisaction and enables any number of positions to be attained withoutobjectional mechanical difiiculties. The large amount of material in thewalls of the sleeve tends to accumulate heat therein for heating thesecondary air passing therethrough and the gases passing from the fuelpan so sudden fluctuations in heating or cooling of the secondary airand fuel pan gases will be avoided. Whil blowers could be used with thisdevice, such are usually unnecessary, as natural draft alone in thisdesign of heater provides all the draft needed for it.

The convexed plate 12 is attached to an irregular shaped rod 30 andconnecting rod SI and adjusted up and down by cam 32 when the shaft 33and handle 34 are moved.

The circular liquid fuel pan 3 is constructed in design and thickness ofmaterial so it can readily be heated and assist in the propervaporization of the fuel oil.

While but one general form of the invention is shown in the drawings anddescribed in the specification, it is not desired to limit thisapplication for patent to this particular form or in any other wayotherwise than limited by the scope thereof, as it is appreciated thatother forms of construction could be made that would use the sameprinciples and come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed is:

1. A burner of the class described comprising in combination a casing, aburner body mounted in said casing, said burner body having a taperedcombustion chamber therein and a dished portion forming a fuel pan,means for supplying oil to said fuel pan, duct means for supplyingprimary air to said chamber, duct means for supplying secondary air tothe burner, a gun tube pivotally attached to said burner body, said guntube having concentric inner and outer cylindrical walls, the inner wallproviding a channel for passage of the flames'from the burner body andthe outer wall providing an outer chamber,

concentric with the channel and aligned with said secondary air ductmeans, and the inner wall having openings therethrough to providepassages for the secondary air in the outer chamber to enter the innerpassage and mix with the flames passing therethrough to complete thecombustion.

2. A burner as set forth in claim 1, a guide plate in said combustionchamber over said fuel pan and means for adjusting the position of theguide plate over said fuel pan to guide the incoming primary airdownwardly and across the face of the burning oil in said fuel pan.

3. A burner as set forth in claim 1, said casing having an air passagetherein, separate and independent from said primary and secondary airduct means, the air passage opening in proximity to said fuel pan andsupplying air thereto when the primary and secondary duct means areclosed, to maintain a pilot flame in said fuel pan.

JOHN T. STONE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 516,363 Calkins Mar. 13, 1894965,775 Weathers July 26, 1910 1,004,040 Laizure Sept. 26, 19111,031,104 Bellew July 2, 1912 1,175,796 Nelson Mar. 14, 1916 1,305,679Yost June 3, 1919 1,314,740 Gadd Sept. 2, 1919 1,475,553 Piedallu Nov.27, 1923 1,658,462 Peterson Feb. 7, 1928 1,660,106 Stroud Feb. 21, 19219 1,832,280 Coultas Nov. 17, 1831 2,069,960 La .Pointe Feb. 9, 19372,077,826 De Laval Apr. 20, 1937 2,130,329 Sammons Sept. 13, 19382,137,673 Knapp et a1 Nov. 22, 1938 2,198,485 1 Pirich Apr. 23, 1940FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 817,663 France May 31, 1937 354,359Great Britain Aug. 6, 1931 396,571 Great Britain Aug. 10, 19.33 307,756Italy May 13, 1933

